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Stressful Life Events

04 Monday Jul 2016

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Everyone has encountered very stressful events in life. The death of a loved one, marriage, divorce, or losing a job happen to many people at one time or another and cause significant physical and/or emotional debilitation. Such events are not to be treated lightly and require the support of friends and family members and sometimes even counseling or medication. Also many of these events can put a serious strain on spousal and other family relationships.

In 1967 a couple of psychologists, Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe attempted to measure a number of these kinds of stressful life events and attach a value to each, with 100 being the most stressful, according to the effect on one’s life of that event. A version of the Holmes and Rahe scale is published below.

Holmes and Rahe Stress Scale

While the death of a spouse is listed first, with an ascribed value of 100 and “death of a close family member” set at 63, I can’t help but think that the death of a child must be at least as stressful. The death of a child is not only the death of a loved one but an event that confounds the order of things: Parents are supposed to pass away before the child. Also the death of a child dashes countless rich dreams – those of the spouse and children, as well as the dreams of the parents. For example, the untimely passing of my sister Barbara must have been very difficult for my parents, her surviving spouse and her children. But when I think of untimely deaths, the dreadful slaughter of the high school students at Columbine and the innocent little children at Sandy Hook Elementary must have caused the most intense and horrible grief and stress for the parents, utterly impossible to quantify with any “stress value”.

When I look back over my own life, I have encountered many of the “high value” events listed in the Holmes and Rahe table. I remember especially a confluence, a virtual “tsumami”, of such events that occurred in 1982 when I:

  • Resigned from my principalship in Duxbury, Massachusetts;
  • Married – after being single for 10 years;
  • Became instant stepfather of four year old and nine year old girls;
  • Emptied a home I loved and put it on the market, helped to empty my fiance’s home as well, sifted through hundreds of items, deciding what to leave and what to pack and bring, saying goodbye to many possessions of deep emotional attachment;
  • Loaded a U-Haul truck and moved 2500 miles – this trip was our “honeymoon”;
  • Bought a home (and a big mortgage) in a new city and new environment;
  • Started a new job – had to learn an entirely new work culture – and my school was a “troubled school” where I was under extreme pressure to successfully earn the confidence of the staff and the parents and
  • Wife became pregnant that fall.

Applying “stress values” on each of these events is difficult because each event was tempered by additional realities. For example, changing jobs was difficult but eased by the fact that I was still a school principal. To “change residence”, i.e. move, was additionally stressful since it involved a huge move to an entirely different state, climate and residential situation. The move also involved all of the events related to a move to a new residence: new environment, new school and new friends for the girls, new recreational, church and social activities for all of us.

And the “gain of a new family member” was additionally stressful since it not only involved the instant stepchildren (family members plural) but also dealing with their father and child support issues. Add to this the new infant in our midst while the new family was still coalescing, and the stress had to be considerably greater than the level ascribed. Also, “significant increase in responsibilities” is not listed in the Holmes and Rahe table but going from being responsible only for myself to being responsible for a spouse and three children also had to be hugely stressful.

At about this time I also started work on my doctoral dissertation, a distinctly different kind of stress, and an event that also is not listed by the authors above. Adding this to the work, family and home responsibilities increased stress considerably and maybe even exacerbated the developing condition resulting in gall bladder surgery during the second January after the marriage and move.

Recalling these events, though yes, several had positive and pleasurable dimensions within the stress, makes me thankful that I was much younger then (40) and had sufficient youth and energy to deal successfully with all of them. I have to remember also that my new wife had just been divorced, sold a house, moved and was subjected fully herself to most of the stressful changes described above. Both of us being subjected to these pressures probably made each of us less able to help and strengthen other, but somehow she survived quite well also. And of course the daughters had their own stresses to deal with (divorce of parents is ranked at the top of another well known stress scale for children), some mentioned above.

So while we dealt with these events and more, especially the “tsunami” of 1982, what I, my spouse and children went through is very little when considering the stress that others endure, sometimes on a daily basis, when loved ones die or disappear routinely, food and shelter are scarce or nonexistent and wrenching changes are part of daily life. I am always amazed and gratified at the capacity of humans to endure stress and somehow come out ok and sometimes perhaps even better.

Why? I’ll Tell You Why

03 Sunday Jul 2016

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Israel-Palestine

In a recent issue of the Washington Post there was a sanctimonious and condescending piece about people wondering why a sixteen year old Palestinian boy would stab and kill an Israeli woman. The headline reads: “A Palestinian teen killed an Israeli mom. Now both families struggle with why.” The story was datelined “Otniel, West Bank”. Need we look any further for a response to “why”? The Israeli family was living in a settlement home built on occupied land, stolen land, land taken from Palestinians who had owned it for centuries, land now populated by the thieves themselves, in violation of international law. The Israeli woman was killed by a boy whose family and whose people are daily humiliated at dozens of checkpoints, randomly slaughtered by an unaccountable military, who cannot move freely, who have no basic human rights, who have no livelihood, who have had their homes razed and their orchards and grazing land bulldozed and taken over by their occupiers and exist in daily fear for their lives. And we dare wonder “why”?

And the Haaretz of the west, the New York Times, is still after three weeks running a video story called “Shampoo Summit”, about Israeli and “Arab” women chatting and gossiping in a Haifa beauty parlor, which again, like dozens of sickening similar cliche stories about Israeli and Palestinian people amicably interacting or their children happily playing together while their elders wring their hands, look to the sky, wag their heads or stroke their chins and wonder “why can’t we get along?”, “why isn’t there peace?” If we’re getting along here in the beauty parlor and our children are playing together, what could be wrong? The video is simply more of the same sickening theme – a little microcosm of questioning and honest exchanges of feeling, a little island of normalcy masquerading as an excuse to keep stealing land and killing Palestinians. And how interesting that “Arab” is used in this positive context instead of “Palestinian”, further obfuscating the truth, because “Palestinian” is always reserved for the pejorative. The two main American print apologists for Israel, the New York Times and the Washington Post, are serial purveyors of “feel-good” stories like this because they mask, trivialize and smooth over the real story of the cruel application of the raw power of this US supported renegade nation.

And furthermore I’ll tell you why there isn’t peace. Despite the empty pledges from Israeli leaders that “we’ll negotiate anytime and anywhere” or the lame refrain that they “have no partner for peace”, the real reason that Israel for 67 years has refused to conclude negotiations and support the creation of a Palestinian state, is simply this: If there were suddenly an ironclad peace treaty, the end of the occupation and a Palestinian state, Israel could no longer steal land. That’s it in a nutshell. While dozens of peace talk efforts over multiple decades have failed, Israel has steadily and inexorably extended its hold on the most valuable West Bank land, solidified its control of the aquifers under that land, destroyed dozens of Palestinian villages, razed hundreds of homes and wantonly destroyed olive orchards and vineyards to build illegal settlements for the illegal occupiers to live in. Israel’s lust and hunger for all of “Eretz Israel” is no secret and has been reflected in its land theft for the last fifty years. And by the way, why the term “settlers”, which connotes valiant pioneers on a wild frontier? These interlopers are nothing more than vile thieves, stealing land owned and occupied by another people while protected by the third most powerful military on earth with blessings from the first.

And regarding peace, please spare me the nonsense that I have been assaulted with for years about Yasser Arafat refusing the “best offer ever” from Israel when Bill Clinton had pulled Ehud Barak and Arafat together in 2000. This is a myth, peddled successfully by the pro-Israel press for years. That so called “best offer” would have legitimized virtual bantustans in the West Bank, a Palestinian “state” reflecting Israeli apartheid, honeycombed by dozens of Israeli settlements and sliced up by private Israeli-only thoroughfares, yielding a totally unrecognizable and ungovernable “state” and still a mere vassal of Israel. Arafat was right to reject this “best offer” proffered by Israel’s negotiators and their American lackeys.

The reader may ask why the writer feels so passionately about these issues. This is why – I have known Palestinians intimately….I have had Palestinian friends and Palestinian students…I have heard firsthand about sorrowful and horrible events perpetrated by Israeli occupiers. How many of you have known Palestinians? At the American School of Kuwait where it was my pleasure to work for four years, the Arabic Department, which taught required Arabic to all students K-12, was composed almost entirely of displaced Palestinians. These were some of the more fortunate few actually, because they had decent jobs and rented homes in Kuwait. But without exception these people had a story to tell – about a lost home or farm, about a family forever severed, about the heart wrenching horror of bombs and gunfire and the death of family members, about fleeing their village or town in terror as their homes and villages were invaded and occupied by the “Israeli Defense Forces” (what “defense”? These were and still are offensive forces of invasion and occupation!). Our Palestinian teachers had pictures of the homes, farms and villages in which they lived and worked, the places they had owned now owned and occupied by Israelis (by what right, by what law, pray tell?). They also displayed pictures of friends and loved ones killed by the invaders and occupiers.

Indeed, by what authority exactly does the state of Israel invade, seize and occupy land owned by another people? None really, for the state of Israel has been a reckless, unruly and lawless violator of international law since its founding in 1947. International law requires occupiers to care for people and property and allow refugees to return to their homes; it forbids the acquisition of territory, expulsion of population, colonization of conquered territory, collective punishment, home demolition and deprivation of fundamental rights and freedoms. All of the above are violated by the rogue state of Israel.

So although I cannot justify violence and killing, I for one, never wonder “why” a Palestinian gets angry enough to do something drastic – to reclaim a tiny bit of dignity, a shred of independence, a spark of self determination, a spasm of strength, a hint of revenge – in a deplorable act like that committed in the illegal Otniel settlement in the Palestinian West Bank.

Generational Generics

15 Sunday May 2016

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I find it quite interesting that we commonly employ what used to be a well know brand name to refer to any number of more recent brands of products. Some companies have complained and even sued to protect their brand but to no avail, since the name is firmly stuck in our everyday parlance. My list, compiled with help from friends and certainly not comprehensive, follows in no particular order with my own comments. And because some are rooted in brand names from decades ago, they are indeed “generational”.

Ace bandage – the first such elastic bandage was indeed made by “Ace” but over the years, the term has been used generically for a wide variety of other brands of elastic bandages.

Xerox – in my work I have often heard “Please xerox me a copy”, even though the machine used might be manufactured by Canon, Epson, Brother or any number of other companies.

Thermos – yes, this was the company that first manufactured the metal-cased double-walled glass “vacuum” container, but ever since, we still call any container to keep liquids hot or cold a “thermos”.

Frigidaire – the name of the manufacturer of the first functional refrigerator soon became genericized to refer to any refrigerator, no matter who the manufacturer was.

Granola – this used to be a name brand first marketed by Kellogg, but the term is now used as a generic to refer to all of the cereals and bars made from rolled oats, nuts and other natural ingredients.

Band-aid – the name of the original adhesive bandage but everyone uses the term for any number of similar items made by different manufactures like Curad, McKesson or Nexcare.

Windex – not sure if you do, but I use this term generically for any “glass cleaner” that I happen to be using.

Clorox – simple chlorine bleach of course, but we refer to other brands not as “chlorine bleach” but simply “Clorox”.

Super Glue – many manufactures now make this unbelievably effective adhesive, but I still refer to them all generically as “Super Glue”.

Kleenex – “Could you hand me a kleenex please?” This “facial tissue” could be made by any one of dozens of manufactures, but to me it’s all “Kleenex”.

Winnebago – I can’t begin to tell you how many times when driving I have complained about “being stuck behind a huge Winnebago”, when really it could have been any one of a number of RV brands.

Stetson – maybe the first hat producer specializing in wide brimmed western hats, now lots of other such hats are referred to as simply “stetsons.”

Levis – there are a plethora of denim jeans manufacturers but many people refer to them all as “Levis”.

Chapstick – instead of asking a friend for a bit of his or her “lip balm”, we generally say simply “chapstick”, in spite of other brands like Nivea or Burt’s Bees.

Bubble wrap – a trademark name owned by Sealed Air Corporation but now genericized to apply to a broad selection of similar packing and shipping products.

Jacuzzi – are you going to buy a circulating hot tub for your back yard? It could be made by other manufacturers but “jacuzzi” what we usually call them all.

Crock-Pot – a slow cooker brand that could also be made by Rival, Hamilton Beach, Cuisinart or West Bend, but they are all crock-pots to me.

Zamboni – other manufactures make ice resurfacers for hockey rinks but it seems that they’re always called a “Zamboni”.

Scotch Tape – yes, really “cellophane tape” made not only by 3M but but by many others. But to me and millions of other people it’s always “scotch tape”.

Tupperware – the originator of the sturdy refrigerator and freezer flexible plastic containers with the handy snap-on lids but many people now use the term generically to describe other container brands.

White-out – properly called “correction fluid” but is often referred to generically as “White-out”, just one of its brand names.

TV Dinner – I think that Swanson first marketed quick frozen dinners under this brand name and ever since, we have used the term “tv dinner” for other brands of frozen microwave dinners.

Aspirin – the name trademarked by Bayer for acetylsalicylic acid but now used generically for all brands of this wonder drug.

Vaseline – regardless of what brand of petroleum jelly we are using we usually refer to them all by the original brand name – “Just put some vaseline on it…”

Jello – yes, this was and still is a brand name but “gelatin dessert” is sold under many brands, all referred to with the original brand name.

Sharpie – a favorite name brand of permanent marker. There are others now but it seems we refer to them all as a “sharpie”.

Saran Wrap – yes, it could be “Glad Wrap” or any other stretchy cling-wrap for kitchen use, but I call them all after the original.

Caterpillar – this may not ring a bell for everyone but I’ve heard this term used to describe any “crawler” tractor with continuous or moving tracks, whether made by John Deere, International, Case or Caterpillar itself.

Google (verb) – It doesn’t matter what search engine you are using, you are still “googling”.

Elmer’s glue – this ubiquitous white multi-purpose adhesive could be made by anyone but to me it will always be “Elmer’s Glue”, the original brand.

Dutch or Ajax cleanser – Right or wrong I have always referred to any abrasive cleaner as “Dutch Cleanser” or “Ajax”, although there are many other brands.

Skilsaw – the brand name of the first handheld rotary saw produced in the 1930’s, now employed generically for any number of brands of such saws. “Hand me the skilsaw” sounds much more natural than “Hand me the rotary saw.”

Tums – even though they may actually be Rolaids or another brand of antacid tablets, they are often referred to as Tums, the first and maybe most popular of such chewable tablet. “My stomach hurts, do you have a Tums?”

Walkman – A portable cassette player, later a cd player made by Sony, but “walkman” was used for similar players made by other manufacturers.

Magic Marker – Although a name brand, it has now become a generic term to describe any number of board or paper markers.

I-phone – Hmmm, maybe to a lesser degree than many of the above but I’ve heard brands of smart phones other than Apple still referred to as “iphones”.

Let’s Change the U.S. Constitution

18 Monday Apr 2016

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change the constitution

Why is it that every other constitutional democracy on the planet simply changes its constitution when it needs to, with little effort and no hoopla, in order to accommodate the changing needs of the country? Why are our state constitutions changed readily, easily and often (230 times) to better suit changing conditions and requirements? So why is it so God-awful difficult to change the US Constitution? We argue constantly about “what the Founding Fathers meant” by this or that. To hell with what the the Founding Fathers were thinking – let’s amend the wording to make the meaning perfectly clear about what we are thinking.

The job of the Supreme Court seems today to be less resolving thorny moral and legal issues that have been placed in front of it by appeals from lower courts, but more “interpreting the Constitution”. Why? Because some moldy old phrase needs to be “interpreted” to properly address “gun ownership” or “corporate free speech” or some other modern cause that has been thrust upon us.

For heaven’s sake, let’s just change this dusty wrinkled old document to better suit modern times and current needs. The constitution is simply a document upon which our supposedly representative government is based. It describes the role of the president, legislative bodies and how they are elected; it describes the states and the relationship among them and to the Federal government. It outlines how laws are to be established and how power is to be divided among the executive, legislative and judicial branches. The Constitution was written by men who owned property that included human beings, slaves to be exact. It was written by men still struggling to understand and address issues related to voting and taxation, the relationship of the Federal government to state governments and the role and powers of a quasi monarch (the President) in this government. Yes, the Constitution is not perfect and furthermore it was not “handed down to us by Jesus” as the Utah “artist” Jon McNaughton would have us believe. The Constitution does not have to be venerated, worshipped or handled with care. It is a piece of paper upon which the basic laws of our government are written. If some need to be changed or re-written, let’s do so. And let’s begin by changing the Constitution itself to make it easier to change in the future. No constitution of any modern democracy is as difficult to change as ours.

one_nation_under_God1

To further address what needs to be changed, think about the following. What would the “Founding Fathers” think of the issue of gun ownership today? Are the three hundred million guns floating around in our families and communities, packing enormous firepower and wrecking horrible havoc, death and sorrow on those families and communities, what they had envisioned as the “right to keep and bear arms” for a “well regulated militia”?

And what would the Founding Fathers think of today’s problems with the “Electoral College” system of electing a president every four years, where a George W. Bush can be elected president while not earning a majority of the popular vote, or presidential campaigns being waged exclusively in “swing states” while the rest of the country is ignored?

What would the Founding Fathers think of the current “representiveness” of our Congress, where 50 of our Senators represent only 16 percent of the country’s population (example: a California senator represents 18.7 million people and a Wyoming senator represents 282,000) and where House voting districts are gerrymandered to render a great majority of congressional seats completely uncompetitive. For example look at Ohio, which, despite voting Democratic in the last election, returned 12 Republicans and only four Democrats to their seats in the House of Representatives.

What would these venerable constitution writers think of the role of money in politics today, where massive injections of money have created a virtual shadow government run by the Koch brothers and where Republican presidential candidates have had to compete in a “Billionaires Primary”, bowing down and groveling before the likes of Sheldon Adelson to win his blessing and the millions of dollars of campaign money that come with it? Don’t you think that these “Founding Fathers” would want elections to be competitive and won on issues rather that who had the most Koch or Edelson money? I think that the “Fathers” would immediately obliterate any notion of “corporations being people” and “money being free speech” that drives today’s elections.

And what about voting rights? The white propertied males who wrote the constitution were divided about who should vote. But the Bill of Rights addresses voting in the Fifteenth Amendment and the language is generally interpreted to mean that everyone should vote. Furthermore, Congress has visited the issue again and again, generally establishing that there should be no obstacles to voting. Yet, what would the Founding Fathers say about the present efforts to restrict voting, unfortunately supported by the latest Supreme Court decision, “Shelby County vs Holder”? I think that they would rewrite the constitution to make universal suffrage crystal clear, abolish any and all forms of voter restriction and make voting as easy and as effortless as possible.

What would the Founding Fathers think of our use of the hideous and barbaric death penalty? If anything is “cruel and unusual”, the death penalty is. What would they think of firing squads, hanging, the search for “ideal” cocktails of various poisons which can kill easily, quickly and “humanely”, or the electric chair or the gas chamber? Or the uneven application of this sentence across the country? I don’t think that there is any doubt that were this distinguished group to observe all this today, that they would immediately classify the death penalty as “cruel and unusual”, thus amending the constitution to outlaw it immediately.

What would the Founding Fathers think of the way Congress functions now?  Obstruction, opposition, impasse, no compromise, few laws passed. Congress has virtually gone on strike and nothing in the Constitution can compel Congress to act. What would they want to do about members of Congress representing special interests instead of the people? And what about shutting down the government, which actually has occurred a few times, most recently in 2013, over congressional funding and Presidential authority issues, both of which were promoted by their respective supporters as “defending the constitution”. Look at the host of presidentially appointed judges and government officials that remain unconfirmed by the Senate while their offices remain unoccupied and dysfunctional. In many respects, our government has simply failed to function. Even preparing and approving a budget seems impossible. The 112th and 113th Congresses were the least and second-least productive on record, passing just 283 and 286 laws, respectively. And the present 114th Congress is not doing much better. Certainly the Founding Fathers would want to draft language to address these serious problems which have the potential to make the most powerful nation on earth a “failed state”.

Finally, one recent attempt to amend the constitution, Equal Rights for Women, passed the House and Senate in 1972 but fell three states short of the 38 state legislatures needed for ratification. This Amendment should be revived and again put before Congress and the states. But, alas, looking at how Washington functions now and how most state legislatures have been taken over by ALEC, its chances of passage look far more bleak now than in 1972. But Equal Rights remains one more area in which the Constitution has fallen short and needs to be amended.

Distinguished retired Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens’ new book, “Six Amendments” provides additional and much more erudite justification for much of what I have offered above. His “Six” concern campaign finance, the death penalty, gerrymandering and the second amendment which I have covered above, along with the addition of two more areas with which I am less familiar – the “anti-commandeering rule” and “sovereign immunity”, both of which are eloquently justified by Stevens and appear to be certainly needed to address serious problems.

Before closing, I should mention that what I have proposed above and what Justice Stevens has outlined in his book are essentially liberal positions embraced by the Democratic Party. To be fair, let’s not forget that the Republican Party and their candidates for President, both standing and fallen, have embraced amending the constitution as well. High on their lists are a “balanced budget” amendment which would spell disaster for the fiscal health of the nation and a “stop Obamacare” amendment. Former candidate Marco Rubio also had proposed amendments to “outlaw flag burning” and “establish the fundamental right of parents to be free from government infringement in child raising” (whatever that means). Candidate Ted Cruz has proposed an amendment “to define marriage as between a man and a woman”. Also on the Republican list is an amendment to limit congressional terms (maybe not too bad an idea).

Let me close this piece by asking the reader to notice the difference between how Democrats or “progressives” would amend the Constitution and how Republicans or conservatives want to amend it. The former have largely embraced what I have outlined above, all efforts to protect or expand rights, while the latter have embraced potential amendments that limit or take away legal rights. We need to seriously consider which amended Constitution we would like to live under, but most of all, we need to improve our Constitution to better suit current conditions and address modern problems, and we badly need to make this amendment process a whole lot easier.

 

Economics 101

18 Monday Apr 2016

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economics 101

I am certainly not an economist but the persistent embrace of fallacious principles by the Republican party compels me to share what I believe to be some basic economic tenets that history has validated.

Basic Principle One. To borrow from NY Times columnist Paul Krugman – “your spending is my income, my spending is your income”.

This is very simple and basic. If you lose your job and have no money to spend, my income is reduced. Likewise if I lose my job, your income is negatively affected. For an economy to work properly, people must have jobs and money to spend. If people have jobs and are spending money, those entities providing goods and services will keep producing, keep hiring and paying employees, who will in turn spend their money and all the gears of the economic machine mesh and keep turning.

In the Great Depression, many people lost jobs, had no money to spend, demand plummeted and production of goods and services went down, causing more people to lose jobs, less money was spent, causing even more reduction of production, a “vicious cycle” causing economic recession and depression. The only solution during this horrible time was to “prime the pump”, to have the government be the employer of last resort, provide jobs to put money into the hands of consumers, who would in turn spend that money, causing the need for goods and services to increase, additional people to be hired and paid again, in turn spending more money, arrest the progress of the vicious cycle and cause the economic wheels to start turning again in the right direction.

Basic Principle Two. Inequality is bad for an economy.

It’s always interesting to note that back in the 1950’s through the 1970’s, the US economy boomed. There was a thriving middle class, unions were strong and everyone felt that their children would be better off than they were. Factory workers owned homes and cars, took vacations and sent their kids to college. Income taxes were progressive, with the very wealthy taxed at 90 percent. CEO top pay was approximately 30 times that of the average employee, not the 300 times typical today. When President Kennedy first cut top tax rates claiming that, “A rising tide lifts all boats” and when Reagan completed the job by reducing the top rate to 28 percent the trend toward our present serious inequality began and the economic foundation began to weaken. Why? The US has a consumer based economy so it does well when people have money to spend. When vast sums of money are transferred from the middle class to the wealthy, there is far less consumer spending. The wealthy do not buy the appliances and cars that keep the economy humming. They already have plenty of those. Their additional billions are banked and do not circulate in the economy. Thus, inequality harms a consumer based economy like ours.

top-rate

Perennial Republican candidate Mitt Romney, like virtually all Republicans, claimed that tax cuts for the rich help the economy because “the job creators would have more money to invest in and expand their businesses and would hire more workers, etc, etc.” No, sorry, tax cuts for the rich do not work this way. Businesses expand when there is increased demand for their products and services. And demand for products and services increases when the people who buy these things have more money to spend. An economy works best when inequality is minimized, producing a huge middle class earning and spending good money and there is minimal money sitting idle at the top.

Basic Principle Three. The “free market” needs controls. Unfettered capitalism will eventually feed on itself and die if not regulated.

The “free market” is not self-regulating, as we would like to believe. If corporations had their way in their never ending quest to maximize profit, they would pay their employees less and less to make more and more profit. And if this reaches its logical conclusion, then soon no one could afford to buy the products and services provided by corporations and the corporation would cut production, close factories, further limit services in order to save money, and would further cut pay or fire employees. Soon since no one would could afford to buy its products the corporation would die, killed by its own relentless quest for profits in exactly the same way that a parasite eventually kills the host that feeds it.

free-market-fish-pond2

From this little scenario it should be clear that corporations need to pay their employees well. This is best done by not relying on the largesse of the employer but by strengthening unions so that good pay and job security for workers would be guaranteed and that providing this pay and security would be an integral part of every company’s balance sheet. Heeding strong government regulations to ensure that companies provide safe working conditions for their employees and produce safe and high quality products should also be part of every corporation’s business plan.

Strong government and strong unions are required to counter the overwhelming strengths of corporations as John Kenneth Galbraith’s “Theory of Countervailing Power” made clear. Unfortunately our government has allowed unions to become decimated, correspondingly strengthening the power of corporations. Government too has become weaker, allowing mergers that would have been unthinkable a few decades ago and allowing rules and regulations to be attacked and weakened.

And finally, the government should always be the “employer of last resort”. Everyone able and willing to put in a day’s work should receive a fair living wage in return for that work.

Basic Principle Four. “Reaganomics” didn’t work, won’t work and will never work.

This set of principles is unfortunately alive and well today. It’s hard to believe that “trickle-down” and “supply side” economics are still solid pillars of Republican orthodoxy. Yes and Republicans are still believing in “the Laffer Curve”. And prominent Republicans like Paul Ryan are still reading and worshiping Ayn Rand.

Trickle-down

Tax cuts do not “pay for themselves” as Arthur Laffer and other supply side economic gurus would have us believe. The present ongoing failure of tax cut experiments in Wisconsin and Kansas are living proof of this. And the experience of other states, like my own home state of Arizona, cutting progressive income taxation in favor of regressive sales taxes has slowed growth and seriously reduced state revenues.

“Cutting entitlements” or raising the Social Security retirement age or “means testing” for Medicare, are not the answers. The payroll tax that funds Social Security is not a progressive tax. Income above $118,500 escapes the payroll tax altogether. Simply abolishing this ceiling and assessing the payroll tax on all income would solve Social Security’s problems for the next sixty years. Raising the retirement age is a “solution” concocted by people making a living sitting on their fannies because anyone who does physical labor for a living will tell you that “raising the full retirement age” for Social Security is not at all realistic.

And finally, distinguishing between “makers” and “takers” is fallacious. Among the biggest takers are American corporations, many of which totally escape corporate income tax because of dozens of loopholes.

Basic Principle Five – It is ok for the Federal Budget to run a deficit.

I am really tired of Republican fiscal hawks wringing their hands and waiting for the sky to fall over the federal debt  and infamous national debt “clock” and the ubiquitous bad news graphs and diagrams about budget deficits. Also I am tired of those same people saying we need a “balanced budget amendment” in our constitution. And another common refrain from these “deficit scolds”, as NY Times columnist Paul Krugman has labeled them, is comparing our Federal budget to one’s household budget – “No household can continually spend more than it takes in, and neither can the federal government”. The two are not in any way the same and in fact are radically different.

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Household and personal debt both face a day of reckoning – when the notes become due or when you die and the debts have to be paid or discharged. Our federal government has existed for 221 years and has been in debt for about 218 of them. And the federal government has run budget deficits  for about 190 of those years. And the government is still in debt and it’s still running just fine. No “day of reckoning”.  Furthermore, I don’t know of any household that can mint and print its own money, establish its value, impose taxes….and collect them in those same dollars.

Yes, the debt can perhaps grow too big and perhaps become less manageable. But we’re not anywhere near that point. As a percentage of GDP our federal deficits and total debt right now are really quite modest. And a “balanced budget amendment” for our federal government would be its death knell. The federal budget needs the flexibility to inject money into the economy if necessary to fight recession. And it needs the flexibility to borrow heavily for other needs of common benefit. Such a limitation would be deadly for the country and our economy.

Basic Principle Six – Paying taxes is ok, being taxed is ok, we need taxes to run federal, state and local governments .

This simple statement runs counter to Republican dogma, which says that taxes are too many and too high – abolish the corporate income tax, abolish capital gains taxes, lower income tax rates or abolish the income tax altogether, replace it with a value added tax, or a national sales tax or at the very least establish a simple flat tax, or a combination of some or all of the above. Republican anti-tax guru Grover Norquist wants to starve the government of taxes “… to get it down to the size where we can drown it in the bathtub.” and has incredibly anointed himself with enormous power by extracting his “pledge” of “no new taxes“ from a majority of members of congress.

Listen, we need taxes. Taxes have been paid to governments from time immemorial – from farmers providing the Pharaohs with a portion of the grain they have grown, to peasants paying the local duke or prince a portion of crops or animals grown on land rented from said potentate. Presently we are the least taxed of any developed country so we need to stop complaining about high taxes. Do we need to improve our system of taxation? Of course. Loopholes in personal and corporate income need to be closed. The wealthy and corporations need to pay their fair share. Does the government need to spend money more wisely? Of course. A blank check for the Pentagon (with no auditing) every year, trillions wasted on destructive, tragic and futile wars and $8 million a day for a wealthy country like Israel are stupid. But do we need taxes? – of course we do.


Right now, with low oil prices, we desperately need to raise the fuel tax and use that money to repair our crumbling infrastructure. This “user fee” has always been the most rational and sensible way to build and maintain our transportation infrastructure. But instead, our “no new taxes” Congress has chosen instead to fund much of the new Highway Bill with a mishmash of crazy and unreliable sources totally unrelated to the “user fee” concept.

Finally, I am tired of hearing politician after politician referring to “your tax money”. No, it’s not our tax money, it is the government’s tax money. Part of whatever I have earned from the time I started working at 16 years old has been the government’s money. And that’s ok.

Talk to Your Doctor About…

12 Tuesday Apr 2016

Posted by ralphfriedly in Uncategorized

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TV drug ads

Few examples better illustrate the need for increasing regulation of our out-of-control pharmaceutical corporations than the blitz of drug commercials on television and in print media. Presently only two advanced countries allow direct-to-consumer prescription drug advertising – New Zealand and the United States.

It seems that the majority of commercials on TV presently are advertising drugs to treat a multitude of trumped up “diseases” in order to make even more billions for today’s obscenely wealthy pharmaceutical companies. And the slick multi-page ads that have invaded all of our popular magazines raise the same questions. Why are drug companies allowed to advertise this way directly to us, always advising us to “talk to our doctors” about this or that drug to treat a multitude of symptoms or diseases that most readers or viewers have never heard of.

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Before 1997 there were no drug commercials on television. The FDA allowed direct to consumer advertising of drugs on television because of the actions of an FDA deputy commissioner, Dr. Michael J. Friedman whose next job was vice president at Searle Pharmaceuticals, just one of hundreds of examples of the “revolving door” between the FDA and pharmaceutical corporations. In an early post-1997 commercial Eli Lily Pharmaceuticals was permitted to market Sarafam, to treat a “disease” invented by Lily – PMDD (premenstrual dysphoric disorder), a “severe” form of PMS. Thus the pattern was set for the hundreds of commercials on television and in magazines we see today, most for “diseases” and “conditions” invented by the drug manufacturers.

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Pharmaceutical companies now spend approximately 19 dollars on marketing to every one dollar spent on research. Big Pharma would rather make slightly different versions of the big selling drugs that they already manufacture and market them under a different name in order to rake in even more profit. Perhaps you are wondering why Big Pharma hasn’t come up with a drug to treat Ebola, or many other diseases that effect people in poor countries. There’s no money in it, that’s why.

Remember Dorothy Hamill gliding over the ice and extolling the powers of Vioxx to alleviate her arthritis symptoms when this FDA-approved drug actually caused heart attacks and strokes in the approximately 27,000 people that took it and had to be taken off the market? And remember Dr. Robert Jarvik recommending Lipitor to viewers, when he was neither a cardiologist nor a licensed medical practitioner? These are prime examples of the chicanery, lies and deception we allow in the epidemic of drug commercials that smite our sensibilities and insult our intelligence daily on television and in print media.

I mean since when did “erectile dysfunction” become an epidemic? Why do the multitudes of people who have COPD have to “talk to their doctor” about Symbicort or BREO. And Osphena will help the millions of women who suffer from another “disease” – that of “painful intercourse”.

When did simple heartburn, which can be caused from eating too much, eating spicy food, eating too late at night or generally “eating stupid” and thus be easily treated by changing diet habits or just drinking a little baking soda and water, or taking an Alka-Seltzer or chewing a Tums, become “acid reflux disease” and instead of eating wisely you need to “talk to your doctor about” Nexium. Never mind, forget the doctor, you can now buy this dangerous drug, the famous “purple pill” over the counter in your pharmacy without a prescription. This highly profitable, yet dangerous and misunderstood family of drugs, known as “proton pump inhibitors” is said to be the second best selling class of drugs in the world. Even more worrying, there have been efforts to market versions of these drugs to mothers of infants to treat “spitting up”, a normal condition with which we have dealt with successfully without drugs for centuries. Yes, Prevacid, the prominent PPI drug now comes in a “child friendly” formulation.

And when did “Low T” become an epidemic and we needed to “talk to our doctors” about Axiron. Perhaps men watching the commercial fancy themselves being the squinty-eyed, whiskered macho man piloting his speedboat with the shapely babe beside him and think that they needed to take this dangerous drug to be like him. Testosterone boosting drugs have serious and dangerous side effects but profit is more important. And law firms are increasing business significantly by going after drug companies because of dreadful illnesses caused by testosterone enhancing drugs.

With all due respect and sympathy for the people who actually have these maladies, I am sure that any responsible doctor treating them has already discussed the various remedies which may provide some relief from symptoms or expand the possibilities for a cure. But in the meantime we are inundated by this flood of ridiculous advertising, I am sure to make us imagine symptoms where there are none in order to “talk to our doctor” and sell more of their drugs and make more money. These outrageous commercials come dangerously close to advising us basically to self-medicate, through the “talk to your doctor about…” dictum.

Drug companies spent $4.5 billion on Direct to Consumer advertising of their products in 2014, up 30 percent from two years earlier. But because the drug industry can deduct such expenses from their taxable income, and because such advertising has increased revenues and profits, it continues to be a bargain for Big Pharma and will likely continue to increase.

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Here are a few of the more ridiculous television drug commercials I have been subjected to lately on my news and sports programs:

Androgel – another dangerous and often unneeded testosterone drug …”get the blood test…get your number…turn it up.”

Latuda – for bipolar depression -“ask your doctor if once a day Latuda, lurasidone HCL, may help you…”

Xarelto – for atrial fibrillation – “a-fib”, another dread “disease”, and also blood clots and “deep vein thrombosis”. And Xarelto’s dreadful side effects are now potential grounds for lawsuits, not mentioned of course in the ubiquitous goofy commercial with comedian Kevin Nealon, race driver Brian Vickers and golfer Arnold Palmer.

Humira – for “moderate to severe” Crohn’s Disease, plaque psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis …and just lately “moderate to severe ulcerative colitis”. Wow, truly a miracle drug! “With Humira, remission is possible”. Guess what ? – without it remission may be possible as well.

Invokana – “a once-daily type 2 diabetes treatment that may help manage blood sugar levels for people living with diabetes”.

Farxiga – “an adult type 2 diabetes treatment used with diet and exercise to improve glycemic control”. Features goofily happy people doing normal things – is the viewer supposed to think that they are fighting diabetes and are fine now?

Crestor – the most moronic of all the commercials advertising dangerous statin drugs (read the research) featuring an infantile jerk dressed in orange dancing about because his cholesterol is below 100. No mention of the debilitating side effects caused by Crestor and other statin drugs.

Dulera – for asthma – “helps significantly improve lung function”…take a look at commercials “Amy’s World” and “Waterside in Costa Rica”.

Breo – for COPD. What exactly is COPD, when we have to have so many expensive drugs to treat it? My name is R-A-L-P-H and I have C-O-P-D. And I take B-R-E-O. Unbelievable.

Spiriva – also for COPD – tv commercials featuring an elephant following people around and sitting on their chests!

Lyrica – “ for diabetic nerve pain and …significantly relieves the chronic widespread pain of Fibromyalgia…ask your doctor about Lyrica”.

Hetlioz – “for Non-24, circadian rhythm disorder for blind people”. Why is this being advertised on television and in popular magazines for blind people? Maybe their glossy ads should more properly be in Braille.

Eliquis – for atrial fibrillation, again – “A-fib not caused by a heart valve problem”. Must be a real epidemic!

Linzess – for “irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C)” “I’ve tried laxatives but sooner or later the constipation comes back like a pile of bricks”. IBS-C – now there’s a great new “disease”, likely better treated by an improved diet. Try raisin bran.

Abilify – for use with an antidepressant. Commercials feature an animated “A” tagging along with the antidepressant taken by the animated character. This drug is actually a very dangerous antipsychotic but sales have increased 30 percent since FDA approval (why?) for use with an antidepressant.

20160302_Abilify_criSpotTVStelara – for “moderate or severe plaque psoriasis” and/or “active psoriatic arthritis”. I didn’t really know that these “diseases” existed.

Chantix – “is proven to help smokers quit” – their anemic 44 percent claim is likely exceeded by the “cold turkey” method which has significantly fewer unpleasant and dangerous side effects.

Xeljanz – for rheumatoid arthritis pain. “Your body was made for better things”. “Ask your rheumatologist about Xeljanz”- but don’t ask him to remind you of all the miserable side effects.

Otezla – “Show more of you”. Another drug to fight the epidemic of “plaque psoriasis”.

Jublia – for toenail fungus – an animated big toe saying, “Fight it, don’t hide it…ask your doctor… is Jublia is right for you?” And “Make the call, don’t hide it – smash it” with John McEnroe. John should be ashamed! And now, another commercial featuring football celebrities Howie Long, Deion Sanders and Phil Simms. They should be ashamed too.

Brisdelle – (maybe the name of the Noven Therapeutics CEO’s country estate ?) – for hot flashes, a new “disease”.

Namenda XR – for Alzheimers, adding to Aricept “may improve” condition. (check the research on any of these “Alzheimers drugs” – they don’t help, are very expensive and could be harmful.)

Namzeric – Another deceptive drug for Alzheimers. There are no drugs to treat Alzheimers, yet the drug companies keep on deceiving us and taking our money promising only that they “may improve” symptoms.

Januvia – Yet another medication for type 2 diabetes. A once daily prescription pill that along with diet and exercise helps lower blood sugar in adults with type 2 diabetes.

Restasis– for “chronic dry eye disease” (“disease”? Give me a break.). “Make more of your own tears”. Ask your eye doctor about Restatis. Hmmm, wonder how this “disease” is spread. Mosquitoes? Not washing your hands?

Prevnar 13 – “Pneumococcal pneumonia can be serious…one dose of Prevnar13 can help protect you. Get this one done.” I really didn’t know I needed a vaccination for this rare affliction.

Pristiq – for depression, “Could Pristiq be right for you?”

Victoza – “Take charge of your Type II diabetes…”may” lower blood sugar, etc. Check the horrifying potential side effects that “may” affect your health if you take this stuff.

Onexton – “Stop hiding your acne and start fighting it”. One potential side effect is colitis, yes really, but do fight that acne, “Show your face!”

Levemir – “Today is the day to ask your doctor about Levemir”, for blood sugar control with Type II diabetes.

Anoro Ellipta – yet another drug to treat COPD. Really, I had not realized that we are having a true epidemic of COPD.

Harvoni – no, not a pizza place or the machine that resurfaces the ice at the hockey rink, but a drug to treat Hepatitis C (known in the commercial as “hep C”) “I am ready to put hep C behind me…I am ready to be cured!” Yes, and the cost is upwards of $800 per pill – more huge profits.

Botox – the most amazing wonder drug of all – not only used for the well known cosmetic treatment but now for overactive bladder, chronic migraine headaches, eye muscle problems like “strabismus” and “blepharospasm” (look these up), and “severe underarm sweating”. Also, “Ask if Botox could calm your bladder.”

Trumenba – “a vaccine indicated for individuals 10 through 25 years of age for active immunization to prevent invasive disease caused by Neisseria meningitidis group B”. Interestingly, of the approximately 500 cases of meningitis reported in the United States in 2012, only about 160 were caused by serogroup B, hardly a reason to rush out to get this vaccine “before the school season starts”.

Enbrel – another drug for the plague of “moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis and plaque psoriasis”.

Myrbetriq – for yet another highly profitable “disease” – overactive bladder or “OAB” whose commercials feature a cute little animated bladder dragging its owner to the bathroom.

Tanzeum – “Once a week Tanzeum may help adults with Type 2 diabetes lower their A1C when combined with diet and exercise”, featuring a “Once a Week” dummy walking with a family.

Jardiance – “Hey, adults with type 2 diabetes! Your A1C called, it wants to get down.” Yet another drug which “along with diet and exercise” (likely much more important than the drug) promises to lower blood sugar.

Opdivo – to help lung cancer patients “live longer”. Horrible side effects and no cure, just “live longer…” How much longer? Really no one knows – weeks, months, maybe just days?

Xifaxan – new antibiotic treatment for “IBS-D” (irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea), another one of the many “diseases” invented by drug companies to increase profits. “If you think you have IBS with diarrhea, talk to your doctor about Xifaxan!”. Again, maybe a simple change in diet is in order. And the latest commercial spots are truly disgusting, with an animated pink wad of intestines, a “GutGuy”, illustrating “IBS”.

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Movantic – for “opioid induced constipation”, whatever that is. I am sure there is an epidemic of this new “disease”, called “OIC” in the commercial, that will have individuals and health insurance companies lined up to fill the pockets of its manufacturer.

Neulasta – a drug to reduce infection from chemotherapy – the commercial features a gay couple, or are they sisters, discussing the drug amidst some nice seaside scenery and a great seafood dinner.

Orencia – for rheumatoid arthritis. “Works differently – by targeting the source of symptoms”. Check out those horrible side effects.

Bellsomra – Another dangerous sleeping pill – commercial features animated stuffed fuzzy twisted word animals that are terrifying – seeing this ad will keep me awake not put me to sleep.

Belsomra Commercial

Zecuity – “Migraine has met its patch” – yes, a battery powered delivery system for migraine headaches that features a patch on your arm or leg. “When the storm of migraine hits, strike back!”

Toujeo – Commercial features a woman writing in her journal and then navigating a paper world, pursuing a new pen for administration of a drug to control A1C.

Entyvio – for “moderate to severe” ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease. “Is it time for a different perspective – relief and remission within reach”.

Seroquel XR – for treatment of depression. Ninety second TV ads tout the treatment for 30 seconds and then spend a full minute describing the horrendous possible side effects. “Say I’m OK”. Really??

Prolia – a drug for “post menopausal osteoporosis”. Actress Blythe Danner doesn’t talk about the dreadful side effects but her “two shots a year” work for her.

Trulicity – “Activate your within”, a pen-type medicine to regulate sugar levels for people having type II diabetes. Jerry the photographer says, “I click to activate what’s within me”.

Viberzi – yet another drug to treat “IBS-D” – Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Diarrhea, featuring a woman with an irritating companion, presumably the “disease” who makes her decisions for her. I can’t believe these commercials!

There is a dreary similarity among all these commercials. They all seem to feature happy, healthy people pursuing pleasurable recreational activities like hiking, biking, fishing, traveling, eating dinner or sitting by the sea, presumably all better now from their “plaque psoriasis”, depression, A-Fib or whatever, while during the latter part of the commercial a serious voice-over intones the dreaded list of serious side-effects, many of which seem considerably worse than the malady itself.

And I am sure you have noticed that most of these heavily marketed and highly profitable drugs do not cure any disease but simply treat and manage symptoms, so that afflicted people essentially take the drug for the rest of their lives rather than take a specific course of a drug to affect a cure. This is certainly part of Big Pharma’s marketing plan – to sell these expensive drugs to you forever.

Curing People is not Profitable

One of the most egregious sales feats in recent memory is the drug maker Shire quite successfully making “binge-eating” into a “disorder”. Yes, “ Binge Eating Disorder or B.E.D. is not just overeating, it is a real medical disorder”. Retired tennis star Monica Seles, paid well by Shire, was featured in TV commercials and even guest stints on the Today Show and Dr. Oz Show to talk about her problems with binge eating. And of course in the TV and print commercials Ms. Seles recommended “talking to your doctor” about B.E.D., I am sure anticipating being prescribed Vyvanse, one of Shire’s big sellers for ADHD, which was quickly approved as the only drug for B.E.D. immediately prior to the appearances by Seles. Shire expects sales of Vyvanse, already $1.5 billion for ADHD, to increase by $200-300 million as a binge-eating drug. It surely looks like Shire, the FDA and shameless Monica Seles are in B.E.D. together.

It is reasonable to ask about the effect on revenue and profits from all these commercials. Well, the news is bad for us but great for Big Pharma. They all have dramatically increased sales and profits and the money spent on Direct to Consumer advertising continues to rise dramatically, well over $5 billion this past year. A Thomson Reuters poll in 2010 revealed that two-thirds of respondents said they had seen, heard or received prescription drug advertising in the last six months and one-third of respondents say the have talked to their doctor about a drug and received a prescription for it.

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Is there any hope for relief from this direct to consumer onslaught of TV and print commercials? The American Medical Association came out against DTC advertising of drugs in 2015, saying that such advertising is responsible for a significant rise in drug costs and has caused doctors to become business negotiators rather than healers. But any changes seem completely unlikely since such advertising has increased Big Pharma’s profits significantly and their lobbyists and campaign contributions will guarantee that the FDA and Congress continue to allow it.

Another glimmer of hope is that Presidential candidate Hillary Clinton announced last fall that she would “demand a stop to excessive profiteering and marketing by denying tax breaks for direct-to-consumer advertising and demanding that drug companies invest in R & D in exchange for taxpayer support”. This proposal comes up far short of what needs to be done but again, even if Clinton were to be elected, it is unlikely that Congress or the FDA will act on even this modest aim. So unfortunately we will have to endure more and more of these dangerous and ridiculous commercials on our television programs and in our print media for the foreseeable future. It looks like New Zealand will not be standing alone in allowing these disgraceful practices for a long long time.


					

Tractors

07 Thursday Apr 2016

Posted by ralphfriedly in Uncategorized

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Farmall M, Farmall Super A, John Deere 720, John Deere A, John Deere D

I have always loved tractors. While growing up among cultivated fields, visiting grandparents on farms in Missouri and North Dakota or passing hundreds of farms while traveling as a youngster I was enchanted and fascinated by these powerful machines and the many companies which then manufactured them: John Deere, International Harvester, Massey-Harris, Oliver, Minneapolis-Moline, Case, Allis Chalmers, Ferguson and Ford.

I feel very privileged for having farms and farming play such a big part in my life. The church organization in which I grew up maintained a large farm operation to nurture its members. So adjacent to its central New Jersey headquarters were a modern dairy farm and fields of corn and alfalfa to support its operation as well as orchards of fruit and large fields of vegetables produced to eat fresh in the summer or to be preserved for winter consumption.

To work its fields the church maintained a small fleet of tractors and all the requisite implements for them: plows, tine and disc harrows, planters, harvesters, mowers, rakes, balers, choppers and wagons. Fields were plowed, harrowed and planted. Field corn was harvested in the summer for silage and in the fall for poultry feed. Tomatoes, sweet corn and other vegetables were planted, cultivated and picked. Peaches and apples were grown in the orchards and harvested in summer and fall.

As a youngster I was expected to assist in many of the church farm processes and while I did not particularly enjoy menial tasks like weeding or picking fruit or vegetables, I did enjoy very much the more glamorous and muscular operations like baling hay and transporting and stacking the bales. But the best thing about farming as a child was when I got to drive a tractor. To feel the steady throb of a John Deere two cylinder engine beneath me and to experience its power as I shoved the clutch lever forward to engage the drive wheels, was a huge thrill that I will never forget. Or to feel the smoother pulsation of a powerful International Harvester Farmall four cylinder engine and to feel it surge forward powerfully while smoothly turning over three plow furrows was a wonderful experience.

My father, as I mentioned in a previous article, was a part time farmer in the church and not only assisted in the general farm operations but did some farming on his own to make money for the family. In the early 1950’s he bought a small tractor designed for cultivation of food crops called the Farmall Super A, an improved version of the original “A”. A unique feature of its design was that the engine and transmission were offset, giving the operator a full view of the row of plants that he was cultivating.

Tractor power was often rated by how many plow bottoms could be pulled and the Super A being a small tractor could handle only a single bottom plow. But it was ideal for planting and cultivating the smaller plant crops my Dad raised. I think almost all of us drove Dad’s little Super A at one time or another.

Farmall Super A

On the church farms, the first tractor I drove was a John Deere Model A. This popular tractor was manufactured from the 1930’s through the early 1950’s and had an enviable record of reliability and longevity.

The several I drove, most likely manufactured in the 1940’s were basic and simple “hand start” models, with no battery or electric starter and the engine flywheel and clutch assembly spinning dangerously outside of the crankcase.The ignition spark was provided by a “magneto” which supplied current to the spark plugs when the engine was cranked or running.

Starting a John Deere A was an interesting process which involved first advancing the throttle, then adjusting the choke, next opening a petcock on each of the two big cylinders to reduce compression and finally grasping the flywheel and turning it by hand until the engine sputtered to life, after which the choke was turned off and the petcocks closed. You just had to hope that you kept your hands and your clothing out of the area of the flywheel once the engine engaged and it started spinning. You also had to beware of an additional risk to your hands, arms and body during the cranking process when a misfire would cause the flywheel to jerk crazily backward while you were trying to turn it.

This model’s transmission had six forward speeds and a hand clutch, a lever that you thrust forward to engage the transmission. Like most tractors of its type it also had separate brake pedals for the left and the right drive wheels whose application was often necessary to help turn the tractor in soft soil.

The trademark putt-putt sound of John Deere two cylinder engines is a precious memory to many who farmed in the 1930’s, 40’s and 50’s. John Deere tractors would sadly lose this charm when the company, its engineers having extracted about all the power they could from two cylinder engines, turned to four and six cylinder engines starting in 1960.

John Deere Model A

Another of the church farm tractors I operated was the Farmall Model M, manufactured by International Harvester probably in the late 1940’s. This tractor, quite different from the John Deere A’s that I knew, had a battery, a generator and an electric starter. Also different from the John Deere it had a foot clutch on the left and the left and right wheel brakes located together on the right. The M’s four cylinder engine had a very pleasing and powerful sound when working hard. Both the John Deere A and the Farmall M were rated as “3 bottom plow” tractors, quite powerful for that time. The M that I drove had five forward gears and was a special pleasure to drive in fifth, its “road gear”, which was much faster than the John Deere A’s highest gear, its sixth.

Farmall M

The configuration of both of these tractors was, as pictured, with two big drive wheels and two smaller front wheels together giving the tractors a tricycle-like appearance, a “row crop” arrangement because the tractor could work two rows of crops with the front wheels between two rows and the large drive wheels outside them.

I spent a memorable summer in North Dakota in 1957 when I was fifteen years old, working on the farm where my mother grew up. There I was to have the greatest tractor experiences of my life. My Uncle Clarence ran the farm and introduced me to “standard” tractors – squat four wheel configurations made for pulling – usually plows and harrows but really any kind of heavy implement and definitely not for cultivation of row crops.

The prize tractor I got to drive was a new John Deere 720, still two cylinders with massive displacement and the familiar John Deere sound, but this time a diesel. The diesel engine in this tractor was started with a “pony engine”, a four cylinder electric-start gasoline engine, which when started, connected to the flywheel of the big two cylinder diesel engine to crank and start it. This beautiful tractor also had power steering, which I had not previously experienced and which made driving the tractor so much easier.John Deere 720

This was the main tractor upon which I sat hour after hour, day after day, that summer, cultivating the rich black soil in both fallow fields and those being prepared for planting. Fields in North Dakota were usually quarter-sections (“quarters”) of 160 acres so to pull a huge harrow down a half-mile or mile field length and back could take a half-hour or so. This tractor was such a pleasure to drive – the same welcome sound, incredible power and the not entirely unpleasant smell of diesel exhaust instead of gasoline.

 

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Little brother Charlie on the 720 August 1957

My uncle also had three other tractors on the Mylo, North Dakota farm – the familiar John Deere A and two old but still running John Deere Model D’s. I cultivated a large field of corn several times that summer with the A since it was a “row crop” tractor and I drove one of the D’s occasionally to pull harrows and keep them serviceable for when the 720 was not available.

The John Deere D was an amazing tractor. Its two huge cylinders, each almost 7 inches in diameter, provided significant torque and steady and reliable pulling power. It was manufactured from the late 1920’s clear through to the 1950’s and these two, both probably assembled in the 1930’s, again featured the “hand start” fly wheel method of starting. However, the difference in the strength it took to turn the D’s flywheel compared to that of the A was quite concerning. I really had to struggle to start it, even with petcocks open and the compression reduced. The D had only three forward speeds, all frustratingly slow. The “high” gear still couldn’t get this big tractor out of its own dust. One of my Uncle’s John Deere D’s also had concrete cast in both of its huge spoked wheels in order to give it more traction. I really enjoyed driving these venerable behemoths but of course greatly preferred the modern 720 with its diesel engine and power steering. Incidentally, I should mention that the “plow rating” of both the 720 and the D was a five or six bottom plow.

John Deere Model D

Looking back at my exciting and pleasurable experiences with tractors, I am thankful that I was never injured in an accident, for tractor accidents, especially in the 1950’s, before protective cabs were mandated, could easily occur and were not uncommon. During that memorable summer of 1957, my grandmother Baxstrom used to listen to the news every night sorrowfully sighing “Oh my, oh my” at the accounts of horrific tractor deaths and injuries on the plains of the US and Canada. Tractors turning over on their drivers, farmers becoming entangled between an implement and the drive wheels of a tractor, someone falling off a tractor with the tractor’s drive still engaged and being injured or killed by a towed implement were typical. Fingers and hands would be injured by the spinning external flywheel on a John Deere or feet and legs would be broken or lost by being crushed by a drive wheel. Also not uncommon were injuries caused by hand start tractors being started while in gear and with the clutch engaged. The number and variety of tractor accidents never ceased to amaze me and concern my grandmother.

So I have been fortunate to experience only the pleasure and not the pain of piloting these powerful machines that cultivate our fields to grow our food – a piece of personal history that I recall very fondly.

The Noxious Cloud of Republican Orthodoxy

07 Thursday Apr 2016

Posted by ralphfriedly in Uncategorized

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Republican orthodoxy

In spite of a national desire for moderation, it appears that all of the Republican candidates for President, both fallen and still standing, plus the majority of Republicans representing us in Congress have wrapped themselves in the poison cloud of Republican orthodoxy. One has to remain in this noxious fog in order to be a “real Republican” or a “real conservative” for to break out from it is to be a “RINO”, Republican in Name Only.

Sadly, many close to me seem to be lost in this cloud. Perhaps they have had their senses dulled by breathing this poisonous cloud for they evidently cannot see clearly, listen to reason, distinguish between fact and fiction or feel for the less fortunate. This cloud envelops most of talk radio, whose purveyors have added more poisons and pollutants, stirred up the cloud and made it thicker and nastier than ever. The blond bimbos and loudmouthed carnival barkers that inhabit Fox News have also done their part to broaden and intensify this cloud.

This noxious cloud of Republican orthodoxy includes the following gasses, vapors and pollutants:

  • Cut taxes for the rich and for corporations. Tax cuts “pay for themselves” and benefits will “trickle down” to benefit everyone. Oppose the Inheritance Tax. Oppose increasing the Federal minimum wage insisting, contrary to evidence, that a higher minimum wage will “kill jobs”.
  • Cut regulations, which are “choking” , “stifling” and “smothering” businesses and corporations. Abolish Dodd-Frank. Unleash the power and magic of the pure free market. Abolish the EPA, the Clean Water Act, support fracking. Give the “job creators” free rein.
  • Reduce the Federal budget, “pay off” the national debt, as if national spending is in any way similar to household spending (it is not).
  • Proclaim social security and medicare “entitlements” and pledge to “save the country from bankruptcy” by cutting or limiting these earned benefits.
  • Cut food stamps, welfare and other support for the poor. Assistance for the less fortunate will cause problems rather than ameliorate them. Reduce the US’s already modest safety net by whatever means necessary.
  • Slash Federal regulatory budgets, including those of the IRS and the EPA, making it far more difficult to catch and penalize tax cheaters and corporate polluters.
  • Support “the right to bear arms” and the NRA’s twisted interpretation of the Second Amendment blindly and at all costs, regardless of the needless slaughter caused by firearms every day in the US. Oppose even the most limited and sensible gun regulations.
  • Spread fear of Muslims, Arabs and others from “strange” cultures and languages and pledge unqualified support for Israel, regardless of its well documented human rights abuses and violations of international law. Proclaim Iran the “enemy” and pledge to undo the Nuclear Agreement.dangeroussloud
  • Oppose same sex marriage and LGBT rights. Spread fear and hatred of “different” people in the school and workplace.
  • Deny climate change, in spite of overwhelming scientific evidence and and vow to take America out of the Paris Agreement.
  • Oppose abortion, promise to “defund” Planned Parenthood, deny women the right to choose, deny women the right to control their own bodies.
  • Oppose progressive taxation or taxes period, despite the fact that the US is the least taxed of all the advanced countries. Support a regressive “national sales tax” or an even more regressive “flat tax” instead.
  • Abolish Obamacare, despite its qualified success, oppose its expansion of Medicaid, offer no reasonable alternative, and simply oppose any form of universal healthcare which all other advanced nations already have.
  • Support the “war on drugs” and oppose legalization of drugs. Be “tough on crime”, blindly support the police, in spite of their abuses, send offenders to prison where they will be “punished”, not rehabilitated.
  • Pledge unqualified support for the military and increasing the Pentagon budget, in spite of horrendous waste. Resolve international conflicts through war, not diplomacy, support the expansion of our “American Empire”. Support America as the top world arms merchant.
  • Oppose unions and workers’ rights. Support “right to work” (this term lends a false sheen to its anti-union intent) laws. Give employers unlimited rights over employees.
  • Sell western Federal lands to the states and private corporations (hooray for Cliven Bundy!) who they claim can manage it more fairly and efficiently than the Federal government.
  • Support privatization of public functions like education and municipal services. Promote the discredited Reagan claim that “government is not the solution to our problem, government is the problem”. Support “small government” (whatever that is) while contradictorily expanding the military, corporate welfare and control over women’s bodies.
  • Discredit and defund public schools, support corporate charter schools and “accountability” through standardized testing, oppose “common core” curriculum (actually just a modest effort to create a national curriculum, like other nations have).
  • Support the death penalty as “revenge and “punishment” in spite of its documented ineffectiveness as a deterrent and in spite of the fact that we are the only advanced nation that still subscribes to this medieval practice.
  • Support “enhanced interrogation” to enhance national security, despite the fact that this torture violates international law and has proven to be ineffective. Keep Guantanamo open, in fact, “fill it up”. Unknown
  • Limit voting rights to stop non-existent “voter fraud” by requiring photo ID, reducing the number of polling places and reducing or eliminating early voting and voting by mail, but blather on about the “sanctity” of the vote and the “duty” to vote.
  • Keep politics and elections running on money and continue to bow and bend to the influence of billionaire donors like the Koch brothers and Sheldon Adelson. Demonstrate absolutely no interest in overturning Citizens United.
  • Oppose immigration, especially for Syrians and other Muslims, blame people of color for most of our problems and oppose any attempt to grant amnesty and citizenship to illegal immigrants.

The above tenets compose the noxious cloud of Republican orthodoxy. I realize that we all grasp what we can from our personal past, our knowledge of history and from what we choose to digest from the media to generate and support our convictions but conservatives embracing this mess of mostly false and harmful notions to construct their orthodoxy is unprecedented. Prevailing American public opinion, which opposes most of the above, should readily puncture and rend this cloud to allow in some sunshine and illumination but if the Koch brothers, Fox News, ALEC and the rest, have their way, the Republican party will continue to stagger around in the darkness of this cloud for much of the foreseeable future.

Eventually this cloud will replicate, condense and coalesce into more solid matter – the Republican Presidential Platform. But it will continue to envelop the Republicans who presently represent us in Congress and in our state legislatures and who occupy our state governors’ offices until the Party heals itself and returns to the more rational and moderate principles espoused by so many great Republicans of the past.

A To-Do List for our Broken Congress

20 Tuesday Jan 2015

Posted by ralphfriedly in Uncategorized

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Today I read that the new Republican majority Congress is going to make its first priority approving the Keystone XL Pipeline – a gift to TransCanada and the Koch brothers, both corporate despoilers of the environment and a project that will provide, after the temporary jobs required during its construction terminate, maybe 35 permanent jobs. And its second priority appears to be the repeal of the President’s partial fix for US immigration policy. I think that those who hoped for anything more substantial from this congress than the last, the least productive in history, are going to be disappointed. Along with these are stated intentions to weaken clean water and air regulations to favor their corporate campaign funders.

When I think of the problems facing our country and how little has been done to solve them I get very angry. Our Congress is totally broken and unable to do anything. Why we elect these incompetents, send them to Washington, pay them well, provide them with luxurious office space in modern buildings, pay for huge staffs and provide a extensive menu of perks for them, is beyond me, when we receive so little in return. And now with Republican majorities in both the House and the Senate, we can be sure that the problem will not improve and will likely get even worse, since both leaders have indicated that their overall main objective is to “fight Obama” for the next two years.

The media is full of stories about why our lawmakers are so unable to do their job. Certainly the armies of well paid lobbyists running all over Washington pushing their agendas are a major cause. Another is the flood of corporate money pouring into the system to fund campaigns and to essentially buy congressmen and their votes. Our lawmakers represent corporations and special interests – not the American people they are supposed to represent.

But what concerns me the most is what is not getting done. The problems our country faces are serious, myriad, increasing, and are not being addressed. Months, years, and even decades go by and still nothing is done to address them. What follows is a list of a few of the gravest problems facing our country which have not been addressed by the last Congress and will likely not be addressed by the present. I am wondering too how many of these needs will be listed by President Obama in his upcoming State of the Union address. This list of issues that follows is neither comprehensive nor in any particular order.

Immigration. This issue has been on the table for several years. The US is a nation of immigrants and we must act to solve the border crisis, to provide an orderly way to naturalize people already here and to provide an effective way for newcomers to earn citizenship. What the President has done unilaterally helps but does not solve the problem. Congress needs to act, not “fight Obama” on the immigration issue.

Highway Trust Fund. The Highway Trust Fund is going broke because the Federal gasoline tax has not been increased since 1993. Congress came up with a jury-rigged temporary solution last year which is in reality no solution at all. And a recent honest effort in the Senate to raise the tax by 12 cents per gallon over the next two years went nowhere. We need to raise the gasoline and diesel fuel tax in order to repair and maintain our roads, highways and bridges. Right now, winter 2015, fuel prices have plummeted and we have a rare opportunity to increase these taxes and replenish the Trust Fund while inflicting little pain. But I seriously doubt that Congress will have the courage and common sense to act since the fossil fuels lobby remains a formidable obstacle .

Minimum Wage. The minimum wage of $7.25 per hour in 1968, when adjusted for inflation, should be at least $10.90 today. Everyone who works full time should be able to make a decent living. Nobody should have to work full time for less than a living wage, especially in this fabled “richest country in the world”. And virtually every study shows definitively that raising the minimum wage will not affect job growth. Ideally the minimum wage should be around $15 per hour. All corporations and businesses should be required to pay a living wage of at least this amount to all employees….period.

Climate Change. Obviously, with the overwhelming scientific consensus about climate change, we needed to act quickly a long time ago to limit the discharge of carbon into the atmosphere and the burning of fossil fuels which is responsible for the bulk of that carbon. An increase in gasoline and diesel fuel taxes mentioned above, to a level similar to those in European countries would help by significantly reducing consumption. And in the meantime, efforts to create energy from renewable sources should be doubled. With so much of Congress in the pockets of the fossil fuel industry and key Congressional committees run by simpletons, not nearly enough has been done. Instead it appears that our new Congressional leaders are simply going to “roll back” much of what little has already been done to preserve this planet for our children and grandchildren.

Inequality. Wealth and income inequality in the US have become obscene over the last several decades. The rich have become many times richer and the middle class has been decimated by a tax system that has clearly been tailored to favor the wealthy. The federal income tax needs to again become radically more progressive, as it was in the 1940’s, 50’s and 60’s, when the highest incomes were taxed as high as 91 percent. Capital gains must be taxed as normal income. Unions must be strengthened and a cap placed on CEO remuneration. I pay a sales tax when I buy a shirt, yet millions of dollars of financial instruments are bought and sold every day – with no sales tax applied. A financial transactions tax would not only help federal and state budgets but would slow the rapid growth of our feckless finance industry. And finally, our safety net should be strengthened, not weakened. Every single working person in this “richest nation on earth” should be guaranteed a decent job and income sufficient to properly support a family as well as provide a secure and respectful retirement. A radically adjusted minimum wage law as noted above should be an integral part of this effort.

Federally Financed Elections. If there is one thing we need to do it is to get money out of politics. Presently we are losing our democracy to millionaires and billionaires. Big money has bought both our congress and our presidency. Our Congress clearly represents corporations and special interests, not the people. If it wanted to, Congress could vote today to federally finance national elections. And the states could be required to also finance elections at the state and local levels. But if money were out of politics the “revolving door” between government and corporate service would close so despite its power to change how elections are financed, Congress will do nothing and leave it to grass roots power to try to change. Actually, when I think about it, almost all of the issues mentioned in this article would not be an issue at all if money were removed from politics.

Healthcare. “Obamacare”, although a step in the right direction, is fraught with problems and contradictions, the major one of which was aptly illustrated in Michael Moore’s documentary “Sicko” – that of allowing corporations and profit to be part of the solution. Health insurance companies want to make money, grow and increase profit and the only way to do this is to pay less to the insured. These corporations’ only role is to collect money from employers, individuals and the government and pass it on to the doctors and hospitals providing the care, but….a big chunk of this money goes to overhead, profit, shareholders and CEO’s. Why, when this function could be performed much more efficiently by the government, as it is in western European countries? A single payer program like those existing in almost all other advanced countries, needs to be established. A final note – government has usually provided services for the “public good” – like highways, police, the military, fire protection, water, sewage, education and so on. Healthcare is also a public good and should be provided by the government in the same way, not by profit-making private corporations.

Voting rights. Congress must act to protect voting rights in every state. The plethora of actions by state legislatures and the recent action by the Supreme Court to weaken voting rights must be reversed. Congress, our national legislature, must take action to make voting easier across the country rather than allow all these efforts to make the exercise of this fundamental right more difficult. Our constitution guarantees the vote, through, however, some very confusing language. Now our Federal government must act to take regulating this process out of the hands of the states and establish standard rules and procedures for voting across the entire country, including cancelling the outmoded Tuesday for election days and establishing a national election holiday. In short, Congress needs to pass legislation to make voting easier across the entire nation. Voter participation in US elections is disgraceful and we need to do everything we can to increase voter turnout. Perhaps voting should be made mandatory as it is in other nations – maybe then people would make it their business to find out all they could about candidates. In short, Congress needs to do everything it can to make voting easier and fairer and dramatically increase participation.

Taxes. Tax reform has been trumpeted as an objective of our new Republican majority Congress which, reading between the lines, means reducing taxes on the wealthy and reducing corporate taxes. In 1952, 32 percent of Federal revenue came from taxes on large corporations; today it is less than 10 percent and one out of four corporations pays no corporate income tax, in fact many end up collecting millions in refunds from the IRS. What really needs to be done is to close all corporate tax loopholes, require corporations to pay what they should and ignore all the Republican malarkey about “crushing corporate taxes”. And Congress needs to make the Federal income tax truly progressive like it was in the 1950’s, 60’s and 70’s. Right now, despite Republican claims of “crippling” personal income and corporate taxes, US federal tax revenues are proportionately lower than those of any other developed country. Furthermore, Republican controlled states are steadily phasing out progressive state income taxes in favor of regressive sales taxes. Although a state issue, Congress needs to address and reverse this trend. A recent article in the New York Times discussing how this issue affects the poor stated, “… in 2015 the poorest fifth of Americans will pay on average 10.9 percent of their income in state and local taxes, the middle fifth will pay 9.4 percent and the top 1 percent will average 5.4 percent.” Congress needs to address our system of taxation, period.

Foreign Policy. Our foreign policy needs attention on a number of different fronts. First, our unequivocal support of Israel needs to be reexamined. Sending arms to Israel is in fact a violation of US law, according to the “Leahy law”. Similar support of Egypt needs to be reconsidered since Egypt is also a serial violator of human rights. With the security and control of thousands of nuclear weapons at stake, we need to maintain an acceptable relationship with Russia so we do not slide back into a dangerous cold war posture. And an unstable Pakistan, a nuclear power as well, needs our nurturance and support. Overall, we need to rethink our hundreds of military bases around the world and rely on diplomacy more than the military to solve problems. Also, we need to reach an accommodation with Iran – this nation has not invaded another country nor has it started a war with anyone else. Our position regarding Iran is a direct reflection of Israel’s nefarious influence on US foreign policy. Finally, we have to craft a foreign policy that is based on reason and not on fear – the 9/11 fallout that has resulted in blinding ourselves to the real threats to our nation’s security.

Equal Rights. Congress needs to move immediately to establish equal rights for everyone in this nation, including equal pay for equal work and abortion rights for women. Everyone in this country, no matter their sex or sexual orientation needs to be treated equally. And this includes being able to marry whom you love and women being able to control their own bodies.

Infrastructure. We need to immediately begin a massive infrastructure repair and modernization program, which would include not only our deteriorating roads, highways and bridges supported by fuel taxes as noted above but also our electrical grid and internet infrastructure as well. This would not only put many thousands of people to work again but would improve the economy as well.

Regulation of Corporations and Wall Street. With most of both houses of Congress in thrall to corporations and banks, it is highly doubtful, short of a revolution, that anything will be done. But not to limit and regulate big corporations and big banks will ultimately doom our economy and our democracy. The passage of Dodd-Frank was to be a partial solution to this problem, but the banks and corporations have wasted no time in chipping away at this law’s already too flimsy provisions. If we lived in an ideal world, Congress would immediately pass another Glass-Steagall Act to keep banks out of the casino business and get them back to lubricating the economy with loans to businesses and consumers. It would also break up the too-big-to-fail banks and ask the Justice Department to take action against their too-big-to jail executives. I find it incredible that after the savings and loan scandal of the 1980’s when regulators made over 3000 criminal referrals, producing over 1000 felony convictions that the far worse crisis of 2008 has produced the conviction of but one low level banker, virtually guaranteeing that the same criminals will cause another crisis in the future. Furthermore, corporations and banks should not be allowed to park money or move company headquarters offshore to avoid paying their fair share of taxes. The constant conservative refrain about “too much regulation” or “regulation is choking business” is absolute nonsense. If anything, American business needs more regulation, not less, and by this I do not mean the piles of needless paperwork that plague small business, which could and should be lightened, but the damage to the environment, the tax loopholes, the collusion, the lobbying, the abuse of workers and the focus on profits at any cost that make banks and corporations an insult to this country and its people.

Education. As a professional educator that has logged 45 wonderful years in the field of public and private education, I am extremely upset with the test and profit driven enterprise my sweet chosen profession has become. Our Congress has joyfully joined the assault on public schools in favor of “choice”, meaning vouchers, charter schools and for profit schools. Education is a public enterprise for the public good in which private profit-driven corporations have no place. Congressional action could reverse this trend and restore public schools to the lofty democratic stature they once had. Those “experts” in the media and in government who think that the latest education “reforms” like vouchers, choice, home schooling, charter schools and more testing will result in real improvement and genuine advances in achievement are in for a rude surprise. Unfortunately this revelation will occur too late to save a couple of generations of students subjected to these “reforms” from the disastrous results of a narrowed curriculum, strangled creativity and spontaneity in teaching and learning and limited fine arts offerings resulting from testing and profit-driven education. Unfortunately our president and his secretary of education have continued down the same disastrous trail blazed by George Bush and his No Child Left Behind debacle. Congress needs to act to restore public education to the proud position it once held in our democracy.

Workers Rights. First of all the right to organize must be provided and maintained for all workers. Unions must be strengthened and a fair day’s pay for a day’s work needs to be guaranteed. Corporate profits in the US have increased dramatically and need to be shared with workers, as well as stockholders. Also, the US, surprisingly is the only advanced nation that does not mandate paid maternity and family leave. In addition, and equally shameful, it is the only advanced nation that does not mandate sick leave or vacations. This wanton disregard for the welfare of workers is shocking and should concern our lawmakers. Also as mentioned above, women should earn equal pay for equal work, and equality in salary and rights should apply as well to LBGT employees. Finally, a decent and honorable retirement for all workers should be guaranteed through strengthening and expanding social security. The progressive weakening of collective bargaining, aided and abetted by our corporate-funded congress, particularly in the Reagan years, was a horrible mistake, not only contributing to the weakening and shrinking of our middle class but also destroying the balance in our economy described by the great economist John Kenneth Galbraith as “countervailing power” – the balance among government, corporations, trade groups and unions that is as essential in a modern capitalist economy as basic competition, still ideally exemplified in European countries where strong union power is supported as a public and economic good.

Affordable College Education. Germany just set a marvelous example for the world by erasing the last few vestiges of tuition in its system of higher education because Germany “does not want the attainment of a university education to be a function of family wealth”. How remarkable, how wonderful for German families and young people, underscoring the very different prospects for college students in the United States, where getting a college degree is still very much a function of family wealth. Despite extolling the virtues of getting an education, our government has done very little to provide universal opportunity for higher education. Making loans more available is not the answer, when students finally graduating are trying to start a productive adult life with the albatross of huge debt hanging around their necks. Isn’t the fact that education debt outstrips credit card debt now a red flag demanding that we act? Steadily increasing higher education costs and the corresponding increase in education debt coupled with decreases in family savings rates are national problems that require a national (read Congressional) solution.

Cuba. We are about three decades overdue in recognizing Cuba as a fellow nation and exchanging ambassadors. I am happy to recognize that President Obama has finally acted to end this childish multi-decade tantrum that has isolated this nation and needlessly slowed its development. Maybe now, as the doors open wide, we can discover how to run a fair and efficient national healthcare system unsullied by corporate profit.

Restore investment in research. The last several budget battles in Washington have resulted in government support of basic research being drastically cut. This has not only hurt basic research in engineering and the sciences but has thrust much of it into the private sector, where private spending to plug the hole will mean that many scientific advances will become the property of private corporations and serve corporate profits more than the public good. Congress has to restore money for research that has been cut in the “sequester” and in general across the board cuts if we desire to maintain any kind of scientific leadership in the world.

Reduce the “Defense” Budget. The US spends more on defense than the next eight countries combined. This bloated black hole of incredible waste, fraud and abuse, needs to be cut and drastically reduced. This budget pays for the “American Empire” of over 1000 military bases spread across the world, including over 200 in Germany (why?) and about four thousand here at home. The Pentagon also maintains resort hotels, ski resorts and more than 230 golf courses overseas. It also funds America’s ill advised and futile efforts at “nation-building” which featured roomfuls of “bricks” of cash to buy the favor and support of locals in Iraq and Afghanistan. It continues to buy outmoded and outdated weapons systems at huge cost including planes and aircraft carriers that will never be needed in any present or future conflicts. Plus the Pentagon continues to maintain a “mini” state department all of its own and weighs in heavily on foreign and domestic policy decisions. All this spending and waste while countless domestic needs go unmet and unfilled must be halted. Experts have noted that the US military budget could be easily cut by one third without threatening the nation’s safety. Our national legislature needs to take some action.

Gun Control. How many more Columbines, Tucsons, Auroras or Newtowns will we need before we do anything? How many more bloody bodies and grieving loved ones do we need to goad our useless Congress to do something? A majority of Americans favor gun registration and background checks, as do a majority of sportsmen who support responsible ownership of guns. Yet because of the influence of the National Rifle Association and its army of lobbyists, we can’t get anything done. We now have nine guns for every ten Americans in our country – what for – hunting? Protection? Protection from what? A scholarly review of the Second Amendment by law professor Michael Waldman traces the genesis of the Second Amendment from its original intent, to its present day interpretation of guaranteeing that every American can own a gun, an interpretation that because of the flood of NRA propaganda, is unfortunately now accepted by most Americans. The NRA, which was formed after the Civil War to improve citizens’ marksmanship, used to concentrate solely on hunting, sportsmanship and safety. After being taken over by right wing zealots in the 1970’s, its primary focus is now not only maintaining Second Amendment “rights” but also disastrously extending “carry” rights into all public areas including bars and churches. As a recent example of NRA antics, several South Carolina legislators, also ALEC (American Legislative Exchange Council, funded by the Koch brothers) members are presently sponsoring a bill which would require a “Second Amendment Day” in all schools, replete with poster contests and awards, and also would require that teachers at all levels spend at least three weeks studying the Second Amendment. Congress needs to reflect the will of the people and act immediately to at least require background checks and licensing and a powerful groundswell of common sense needs to limit the influence of the NRA.

Trade Agreements. NAFTA has been a disaster for American manufacturing jobs and for the middle class, as this corporation-brokered agreement sent millions of jobs overseas. A snake oil sales job sold NAFTA to the US public as a “shot in the arm” for the American economy but the agreement has benefitted corporations, not American workers or the American economy. The same dishonesty and subterfuge now characterizes corporate efforts to “fast track” another disastrous agreement – the Trans Pacific Partnership Free Trade Agreement, or TPP, backed by none other than our own Democratic (read ”Corporate Democrat”) president. This agreement, if passed and approved by Congress will mean the loss of thousands more jobs, more corporate destruction of the environment and will even allow corporations to sue foreign governments if corporate privilege and profits are threatened. And, amazingly, all these negotiations are being conducted behind closed doors. TPP can be stopped by our Congress and it can insist that the negotiations be transparently conducted in the open. But what will result ultimately I am sure, in this corporation owned and corporate run Congress, is TPP’s safe passage and a corresponding augmentation of corporate power and additional reduction of the power of American labor.

Strengthen Environmental Regulations. Another announced intention of our new Republican-controlled Congress is to gut the Clean Water Act and the Clean Air Act. Again, our lawmakers hasten to do the bidding of their corporate masters. Naomi Klein’s new book, “This Changes Everything: Capitalism vs. the Climate” makes it crystal clear that capitalism and environmental stewardship are antithetical and contradictory. Exploitation and plunder of the environment are essential to corporate growth and profit, and growth and profit are the objectives of capitalist economies. It is crystal clear that we need to change our economic systems or suffer the consequences. To me, fracking seems to be the perfect example of corporate environmental abuse – it is very profitable to obtain more oil and gas by poisoning our air with massive releases of methane and our water with the huge injections of poisonous chemicals into our precious earth. Congratulations to the states that have outlawed fracking and God help those that have not. Congress needs to protect the Clean Water and Air Acts and dramatically extend their scope.

Close Guantanamo. This moral, legal and ethical outrage should have been closed long ago and its occupants tried in Federal court and properly sentenced or released. To hold these so called “worst of the worst” in captivity with no charges and no trial will be forever a disgrace to this country and has long served as the most effective of magnets for the recruitment of more jihadists. Congress could close Guantanamo tomorrow but the latest nonsense from the Senate triumvirate of John McCain, Lindsay Graham and Kelly Ayotte about the Paris slaughter being a reason to keep these people detained without trial for even longer will likely keep the open wound of Guantanamo festering for the foreseeable future.

Strengthen the IRS. This government agency, much hated and maligned but very necessary, has had its budget cut 17 percent over the last five years. Why, when the job becomes more difficult and the number of taxpayers grows? These cuts are the result of sequester games and little paybacks from Republicans resulting from the IRS questioning the tax status of certain Tea Party organizations (Democratic party groups were targeted as well). Despite what we think of the IRS, our system of voluntary reporting requires the regulation, the oversight and the audits of a healthy tax agency and to further weaken it is foolish. These cuts need to be restored by Congress and consideration needs to be given to increasing the budget.

Rein in Drug Companies. If there is any area that needs more regulation it is our billion dollar drug companies. These companies, who concentrate more on profit than health, are allowed to run roughshod over rules and regulations because of their generous funding of our senators and congressmen. As primary examples of the “revolving door” between corporations and the agencies that are supposed to regulate them, in this case the FDA, we continue to see bad drugs and ineffective drugs foisted upon the medical community at ever inflated prices. The trend of our drug giants is to create minor variations on existing drugs and create new uses for them, some potentially dangerous (see the history of J & J’s dangerous new use for Resperdol), and thus generate new floods of profit. I mean how many more drugs do we need for erectile dysfunction? Or COPD? Or atrial fibrillation? These corporations also concentrate on drugs that people will have to take the rest of their lives, which are much more lucrative than the “quick knockout” kind of disease drug. Right now, Big Pharma spends 19 dollars on advertising and promotion for ever one dollar for researching new drugs. Why have no drug companies come up with a cure for Ebola? “Not profitable” is clearly the reason. The really big money has been in the statin drugs, which you have to take until the day you die. Statins lower cholesterol but do not prevent heart attacks. Some drug company executives have had the temerity to suggest that statins should be put into drinking water. Drug companies need to be regulated, directed, cut off at the knees, beaten and humbled and need to start working for the health of Americans, not for profit. And Congress could do this, if members were not bought by the 2.7 billion dollars the industry spent on lobbying last year, far more than any other industry.

The “Food Industrial Complex”. Our overweight and unhealthy nation is a daily reminder of a serious food problem in our nation, a problem that Congress could easily address. This problem is not one of scarcity – farmers produce an abundance of food. The problems, as most of us know, are in ways the food is produced. Our profit-driven corporate industrialization of food production has resulted in inhumane conditions for growing food animals, widespread use of antibiotics to counter the disease resulting from these condition and inappropriate diets many animals are fed. The same industrialization of food production has also resulted in a plethora of processed foods stuffed with sugar and chemicals to enhance taste, texture and freshness. Reading ingredient labels on foods today is a frightful exercise in deciphering and interpreting, as well as pronouncing. Food production is concentrated in fewer and fewer companies – the bulk of the world’s food is produced by 10 companies and over 75 percent of the meat in the US is supplied by four companies. With the political and corporate (usually synonymous) power wielded by such corporations they pretty much do what they want. Our “food industrial complex” has presented many other issues that need to be addressed, among them the reckless use of pesticides and genetically modified crops. Congress has the duty to protect our food supply and needs to act.

Regulate the US Security Apparatus – CIA, FBI, NSA. The recent revelations by whistle-blower Edward Snowden have underscored once again the need to rein in the power and secrecy of our outsized and frightening security and intelligence apparatus. Secrecy in the name of security has gone much too far. The money we spend on these agencies far outweighs their limited usefulness and questionable success. The growth of the CIA into a quasi-army violating the borders of sovereign nations and killing hundreds of civilians with its flocks of drones is great cause for concern. The FBI’s practice of entrapment to prevent dubious acts of “terrorism” that likely would never even have been contemplated were it not for the exhortation and temptation enthusiastically proffered by out of control agents needs to stop. And all of these agencies need to cease violating the privacy rights of our citizens with the uncontrolled collection of phone and email data. Congress must examine and reevaluate the role of these dangerous agencies and accordingly proscribe their activities in order to protect our civil rights and our democracy.

Modernize the US Constitution. Why is the US Constitution such a holy document that it cannot be modernized to fit a modern country with problems very different than its authors envisioned? This document was not delivered to us by God, despite the picture, venerated by conservatives, showing Jesus presenting it to the Founding Fathers. I know perfectly well that Congress itself cannot revise the Constitution, but it could certainly speak out on the need, if congressmen or senators had the courage, and thus make it an easier task. Retired Justice John Paul Stevens has spoken out on this need forcefully in his book “Six Amendments” and it’s time a few active justices spoke out as well. There is no other democracy in the world that does not adjust its constitution from time to time to accomodate changing conditions and needs. We need to do the same. The need for amendments addressing individual gun ownership, voting rights, corporate power, protecting the environment and keeping money out of politics come readily to mind.

Energy Policy. As noted earlier in this article under the Climate Change heading, we need to rein in the fossil fuel industry and adopt a “leave it in the ground” policy. To make this happen we need to increase support for renewable energy far above what we provide now. It’s incredible that one of the most gray, cloudy and dreary countries in the world, Germany, is far ahead of us in utilizing renewable energy sources. In fact cloudy Germany is much further ahead in using solar energy that our sunny states of Arizona, New Mexico, Utah and California. There will not always be fossil fuels in the ground, but there will always be the tides, the wind and the sun. Congress needs to act to increase support of renewables, reduce support of coal and oil and help “leave it in the ground”.

Looking back over this list, which as noted earlier is not comprehensive, I am amazed to consider that positive resolution of most of these issues is favored by an overwhelming majority of Americans. That our pathetic Congress represents corporations and special interests, not the American people, should be obvious. Equally obvious should be what to do about the problem. Money is the problem in Congress as well as in our Presidency and all elections throughout our national, state and local governments.

It is amazing that over two recent days in the US’s major newspaper, the New York Times, were six articles addressing much of what I have written above, and none were reassuring. Here were the headlines:

In New Congress, Wall St. Pushes to Undermine Dodd-Frank Reform

2014 Was the Hottest Year on Earth in Recorded History

Study Finds Local Taxes Hit Lower Wage Earners Harder

2 ½ Years after Aurora Theater Rampage, Colorado Braces for the Trial

Ocean Life Faces Mass Extinction, Broad Study Says

Why Drugs Cost So Much

And a piece by a New York Times columnist that I read often begins:

“The police killing unarmed civilians, horrifying income inequality, rotting infrastructure and an unsafe “safety net”. An inability to respond to climate, public health and environmental threats. A food system that causes disease. An occasionally dysfunctional and even cruel government. A sizable segment of the population excluded from work and subject to near-random incarceration.

You get it. This is the United States, which, with the incoming Congress, might actually get worse.” (Mark Bittman, NYTimes 12/13/14)

Our Congress needs to get busy.

Quitting Smoking: A Mindful Experience

06 Saturday Dec 2014

Posted by ralphfriedly in Uncategorized

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Dr. Robert Stark, Milton Erickson, Quitting smoking, Retirement, Self hypnosis

I smoked habitually for approximately 20 years. I began as a teenager, smoking with friends when I could, mostly because it was something my family and church frowned upon and I enjoyed the thrill of the forbidden. Then in my 20’s and 30’s, free of restraint, I smoked regularly because it had become a habit and an addiction to nicotine. Like most smokers I particularly enjoyed cigarettes with alcoholic beverages and with my morning coffee and found the habit enjoyable. But knowing that the habit was unhealthy for me and unpleasant for some of my friends, I occasionally tried to quit and was sometimes successful….for short periods of time. Always, it seemed, something would sap my will power and weaken my resolve. I would yield to having “just one” and quickly be right back to my full time habit.

Although my smoking habit never took me beyond about one pack of cigarettes a day, efforts to improve my health by running in my 30’s made a smoking habit particularly incongruous. I remember when I was doing my year of full time doctoral study at Arizona State University that I would run four miles in the early morning and then after drinking a quart or so of water, would enjoy my morning coffee and the day’s first cigarette. Having thought long and hard about the folly of coupling the healthy habit of running with the unhealthy habit of smoking, I again resolved to quit. But this time, I was advised by a friend to visit a certain doctor in Phoenix, whose special skills might help. So I made an appointment with Robert Stark, M.D. whose practice included weight control through self-hypnotism, to obtain help for quitting smoking.

I still remember clearly when I entered the building containing Dr. Stark’s office that I finished smoking a cigarette and put it out in a large receptacle in the lobby. But I kept the half-finished pack in my shirt pocket, thinking, well, maybe this won’t work. But that cigarette was the last one I ever smoked.

Dr. Stark’s office contained a large space adjacent to the waiting room that featured a number of reclining armchairs. Upon asking his receptionist about this curious arrangement, I was told that he often worked with law students studying for the bar exam. So I waited and was finally ushered in to Dr. Stark’s office where I introduced myself and was invited to sit in a comfortable recliner near his desk. Dr. Stark then told me a bit about self hypnotism. He himself was a regular general practice M.D. and had learned self-hypnotism from the famous psychologist, Milton Erickson, who had moved to Phoenix in his later professional years. While in Phoenix, Dr. Erickson had conducted training seminars for medical and counseling professionals and Dr. Stark had been one of his students. Dr. Stark then began to employ self-hypnotism in various areas of his practice, particularly to help obese patients lose weight, and had extended his instruction in self-hypnotism to patients wishing to improve their health in other ways, like controlling tobacco and alcohol consumption. In addition, he had extended it to patients desiring instruction in how to improve self discipline and concentration for other purposes, e.g. the afore-mentioned law students.

Dr. Stark then described self-hypnotism and how the power of suggestion in a relaxed and receptive state can give one the necessary strength to change unproductive behavior. He  explained that the notions he would help me internalize to help me stop smoking were positively phrased. He had learned through experience that negatively phrased statements or those using the words “no” or “not” such as “smoking is not good for me”, or “smoking is a nasty habit” or “I will not smoke anymore”, were ineffective. So after I was invited to settle comfortably in the recliner and relax he had me begin with what he described as the “eye roll” – looking up with my eyes and then slowly closing them, very much like what all of us do when we go to sleep. So I closed my eyes in the way he described and then was asked to visualize and feel the most relaxing situation I could. For me, the ultimate relaxation had been reclining in a truck tube in the hot Arizona sunshine rocking gently up and down on the waves of the Salt River, so this is what I visualized and imagined experiencing again. Dr. Stark helped me by describing the warmth of the sun, the pleasant breezes and the rocking up and down motion on the gentle waves of the Salt and very quickly I found myself feeling very relaxed and half asleep. He then asked me to internalize three important notions about smoking, through first listening to him, then repeating again silently in my mind. I remember these notions verbatim to this day: “Smoking poisons my body….I need my body to live….I owe my body respect and protection”. So I listened carefully to his sonorous and authoritative voice state the above three principles and then said them to myself. I was in a very peculiar state at that time – half asleep, very relaxed yet fully conscious, what Dr. Stark had called a “suggestible” or “trance-like” state, actually a state all of us experience right before we fall asleep and when we first wake up in the morning. Dr. Stark then said that he would count backward from ten and when he got to zero, I would awaken, refreshed and feeling very good. He was right – I awoke from the half-sleep state I was in and felt energized and refreshed.

From that time, I never smoked again. To keep up my strength and resolve, which did waver occasionally, I adopted the habit of putting myself into this suggestible state daily and repeating the three smoking principles to myself. While in this state I could hear noises around me – some traffic noise, people’s voices outside from time to time, a horn honking or a plane flying overhead. But while in that half-sleep state the noise did not interfere with the process because my relaxation and concentration were so complete. And at the end, I would tell myself as Dr. Stark had, that I would count backward from ten and I would awaken refreshed. And I did – every time.

I have to say that I have always had a skepticism about hypnotism or anything that had to do with altering or enhancing the mind in any way. In my 20’s and 30’s I had had some brushes with Transcendental Meditation and EST, but had always been skeptical and resisted learning or training in these areas. So when I at last gave in and tried self-hypnotism, a la Milton Erickson and Robert Stark, for a reason as important as banishing tobacco smoke from my lungs, I was very pleased with the experience and became a believer in the great power of the mind.

Later that year, I visited Dr. Stark a couple more times, once for assistance in improving my study habits and another time to build confidence and reduce anxiety prior to my doctoral comprehensive examinations. I learned during these visits that I had to be careful to absorb principles and notions that were possible: I could not say to myself with regard to studying, “I will remember everything I read”, for that of course would be impossible and trying to internalize a notion like that would produce extreme tension and anxiety. I learned from Dr. Stark that instead I should say, “When studying, I will remember everything I need to remember”, quite different from the other notion and certainly possible. Since all my life I have had difficulty concentrating, he also helped me concentrate by internalizing statements like, “For the next hour I will be able to concentrate and focus fully on this text (or paper or article)”. Again, I should not say anything like, “I will not be bothered by external noises” because I was to avoid the use of negatives.

When the time for my comprehensive exams (two days of written exams and one day of oral) arrived, Dr. Stark had me visualize relaxing, having confidence and sleeping well the night before my exams began, then visualizing myself having a good breakfast, carrying my portable typewriter (yes, this was 1980!) into the examination room, and again telling myself that “I would remember everything I needed to remember” and responding to the written questions calmly and confidently. Prior to the oral exams, I again put myself into the relaxed state and visualized myself eloquently and authoritatively responding to the verbal questions from my doctoral committee. And yes, my newly acquired skills served me well for I was invited back into the examination room after my orals and was greeted by my chairman, Dr. Harold Hunnicutt with, “Congratulations Doctor Friedly….”

Since that time over 30 years ago in Arizona, I have largely neglected my self-hypnotism skills. However, from time to time I have attempted to revive them to help me sleep more soundly or to handle professional stressors like job interviews or school board meetings, or to help me through some other kind of personal or professional crisis. Since my memories of tubing on the Salt River have faded I have since substituted another vision of relaxation, older but much more prominent – a vivid summer childhood memory of sitting in a special seat I had constructed with baling twine high in a maple tree, above and removed from the noise and confusion of my family, supplied with a book and a sack of tomato sandwiches, feeling and listening to a warm breeze rustling the maple leaves. And for the times I have attempted to revive and apply this skill over the last several decades, visualizing and feeling this time in my childhood has worked very well.

So although they now lie dormant for the most part, learning these powerful skills, using them to stop smoking and later to successfully improve my study habits, get through my exams successfully, and occasionally deal with other needs, remains a very significant and meaningful part of my life. When thinking back on self-hypnotism and what it did for me, I am compelled to consider the power of the mind in other of its expansive and transformative manifestations as well, which surely would include meditation, yoga, Zen, religious conversion and prayer. I am thankful that my experience with self hypnotism gave me some firsthand insight into the incredible power of the mind.

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